when heart is not functioning correctly , patients requested to use pace maker , what pace maker do what is the mode of action of this device ?

 Article Writing Pace Maker

A pacemaker is a medical device used to treat certain heart rhythm disorders, specifically problems related to the heart's electrical system that cause irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). The primary function of a pacemaker is to monitor the heart's electrical activity and deliver electrical impulses to regulate the heart rate and maintain a normal rhythm. Here's how a pacemaker works and its mode of action:

Sensing Heart Rhythm: The pacemaker continuously monitors the electrical activity of the heart using one or more leads (thin insulated wires) that are implanted in the heart muscle or positioned near the heart's chambers. These leads detect the heart's natural electrical signals.

  1. Identifying Abnormal Rhythms: If the pacemaker detects an abnormal heart rhythm (such as a slow heart rate, fast heart rate, or irregular rhythm), it triggers the delivery of electrical impulses.

  2. Delivering Electrical Impulses: When necessary, the pacemaker delivers precise electrical impulses to the heart muscle through the leads. These impulses stimulate the heart muscle to contract and initiate a heartbeat.

  3. Restoring Normal Heart Rate: The electrical impulses from the pacemaker help to restore and maintain a normal heart rate. For example:

    • Bradycardia: In cases of bradycardia (abnormally slow heart rate), the pacemaker sends electrical signals to stimulate the heart to beat at a faster rate.
    • Tachycardia: In certain arrhythmias characterized by a fast heart rate, the pacemaker can help regulate the heart rate and prevent excessively rapid beats.

  4. Adaptive Features: Modern pacemakers often have adaptive features that adjust the pacing rate based on the body's needs. For instance, they can increase heart rate during physical activity and decrease it during rest.

  5. Monitoring Heart Function: Pacemakers also have built-in monitoring capabilities to record the heart's electrical activity over time. This data can be retrieved by healthcare providers during follow-up visits to assess the device's function and the heart's performance.

  6. Battery-Powered: Pacemakers are powered by a small battery housed within the device. The battery life varies depending on usage and device settings. When the battery runs low, the pacemaker may need to be replaced through a minor surgical procedure.

In summary, a pacemaker functions as an artificial regulator of the heart's electrical system. It continuously monitors heart rhythm, detects abnormalities, and delivers electrical impulses to maintain a normal heartbeat. By ensuring proper heart rate and rhythm, pacemakers help improve the quality of life and reduce symptoms for individuals with certain heart conditions affecting rhythm disorders. The specific settings and mode of action of a pacemaker are tailored to each patient's unique cardiac needs, determined by a cardiologist or cardiac electrophysiologist.