DIY Water Level Alarm

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Project 5: DIY Water Level Alarm

Objective:

To build a water level alarm that alerts when the water reaches a certain level in a tank.

Components Required:

  1. NPN Transistor (BC547)
  2. Buzzer (5V or 9V)
  3. Resistors – 1KΩ and 330Ω
  4. LED (optional for indication)
  5. Battery – 9V
  6. Two Wires (for water sensing probes)
  7. Breadboard & Connecting Wires

Circuit Diagram:

(You can use Tinkercad or Fritzing to design the schematic.)

Step-by-Step Instructions:

Step 1: Prepare Water Level Sensors

  • Take two wires and insert them into the tank at the desired water level.
  • One wire connects to +9V and the other to the base of BC547 via a 1KΩ resistor.

Step 2: Connect the Transistor

  • The emitter of BC547 connects to ground (-).
  • The collector connects to one leg of the buzzer and LED (optional).
  • The other leg of the buzzer connects to +9V.

Step 3: Power the Circuit

  • Connect a 9V battery to power the circuit.

How It Works:

  1. When water touches both sensing wires, it closes the circuit, allowing a small current to flow.
  2. This triggers the transistor, allowing more current to flow from collector to emitter.
  3. As a result, the buzzer sounds and the LED turns ON to indicate a full water level.
  4. Once the water level drops, the circuit breaks and the alarm stops.

Customization Ideas:

💡 Use a Relay to control a motor pump for automatic water level management.
💡 Add Multiple Levels by using different sensor points to indicate low, medium, and full levels.
💡 Use an Arduino to display water levels on an LCD screen.



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